[2010.10.7] 世界经济特别报道:增长谜题

引用 farthing 2010-10-9 23:22

翻译得行云流水般流畅，读的很有享受感

引用 mzviolet1987 2010-10-12 14:39

翻译的真不错，有点小问题跟你探讨探讨。。
WHAT will tomorrow’s historians see as the defining economic trend of the early 21st century? There are plenty of potential candidates, from the remaking of finance in the wake of the crash of 2008 to the explosion of sovereign debt. But the list will almost certainly be topped by the dramatic shift in global economic heft.
原译：在未来的历史学家眼里，什么才是21世纪早期决定性的经济问题呢？从2008年危机后紧随而至对金融体系的重建到主权债务的暴涨，我们有为数众多的选择对象。然而几乎肯定的是，全球经济中心戏剧性的转移将会高居榜首。
评论：economic trend应该是经济发展方向、趋势。
There are plenty of potential candidates, from the remaking of finance in the wake of the crash of 2008 to the explosion of sovereign debt.
试译：从2008年危机后金融体系的重建到主权债务的暴涨，其中有很多可供参考的选项。

引用 mzviolet1987 2010-10-12 14:55

Ten years ago rich countries dominated the world economy, contributing around two-thirds of global GDP after allowing for differences in purchasing power. Since then that share has fallen to just over half. In another decade it could be down to 40%. The bulk of global output will be produced in the emerging world.
十年以前，富国在全球经济中占据主导地位，在考虑购买力差异的情况下，它们贡献了全球GDP的三分之二。从那时起，这一份额已下降到刚超过一半，而十年内还可能继续降至40%。大部分的全球产出将由新兴市场承担。
contribute  
/ kənˈtrɪbjuːt; kənˋtrɪbjʊt/ v
[I, Ipr, Tn, Tn.pr, Tw] ~ (sth) (to/towards sth) give one's share of (money, help, advice, etc) to help a joint cause 出（钱﹑ 力﹑ 主意等）; 捐助; 捐赠; 贡献: contribute (ten pounds) to a charity collection 捐献（十镑）给慈善事业 * contribute aid for refugees 向难民提供援助 * Everyone should contribute what he or she can afford. 人人都应该尽自己的能力作贡献. * The chairman encourages everyone to contribute to (ie take part in) the discussion. 主席鼓励大家参与讨论.
[Ipr] ~ to sth increase sth; add to sth 增加某事物; 添加到某事物中: Her work has contributed enormously to our understanding of this difficult subject. 她的着作极有助於我们对这个困难问题的了解.
[Ipr] ~ to sth help to cause sth 促成某事物: Does smoking contribute to lung cancer? 吸烟会导致肺癌吗?
[Ipr, Tn.pr] ~ (sth) to sth write (articles, etc) for a publication 撰稿; 投（稿）: She has contributed (several poems) to literary magazines. 她给文学刊物投了（几首诗）稿.
这里contribute翻译为占据如何？占据全球GDP的三分之二。

Since then 译为十年内如何？正好可以和十年前呼应，后面的in another decade就直接译为未来十年。比较直观一些。

引用 mzviolet1987 2010-10-12 15:16

This “rise of the rest” is a remarkable achievement, bringing with it unprecedented improvements in living standards for the majority of people on the planet. But there is another, less happy, explanation for the rapid shift in the global centre of economic gravity: the lack of growth in the big rich economies of America, western Europe and Japan. That will be the focus of this special report.
原译：所谓“剩余世界的崛起”令人瞩目，这一成就为地球绝大多数人带来了前所未有的生活水平提升。但是，这一全球经济重心的迅速转移还有一个不那么令人高兴的解释：美国、西欧及日本等富裕国家缺乏增长。这将是本期特别报道关注的焦点。
试译：“发展国家的崛起”非常成功，使地球上大多数人的生活水平得到了前所未有的提升。但是，令人有些遗憾的是，世界经济重心的迅速转移也解释了美国，西欧和日本等经济大国为什么增长缓慢。

这里的 less happy我也不太会处理，期待高手...

引用 黑蔷薇 2010-10-13 22:03

回复 mzviolet1987 的帖子

明天让你看看我怎么处理这个less happy的

引用 yaqingCathy 2010-10-14 08:30

你翻译的真好，我也翻了这篇，看了你的之后真的就没有勇气再把自己的译文发上来~佩服佩服

引用 黑蔷薇 2010-10-14 09:57

朋友先道歉哈，我也翻译了这篇，但是是版主要求我翻译的，不是故意抢你饭碗啊

引用 bravedeng 2010-10-14 14:14

lz翻译的很不错，学习一下。

引用 lisa226 2010-10-14 16:23

译的很好，提几个小问题
1、 In Japan, where the pool of potential workers is already shrinking, the pace of decline will more than double, to around 0.7% a year.
在日本，目前终身工人的数量已经在下降，未来降幅可能会翻倍，达到每年0.7%的水平。
potential worker 潜在劳动力
2、or people retire later要么让人们提早退休
推迟退休
3、Growth in output per worker in America, which had risen sharply in the late 1990s thanks to increased output of information technology, and again in the early part of this decade as the gains from IT spread throughout the economy, began to flag after 2004.
20世纪90年代，美国的人均产出因为信息技术的发展而大幅上升；21世纪初期随着IT扩散至全国而再次上升；但在2004年之后，这一指标开始萎靡不振。
as the gains from IT spread throughout the economy 是指信息技术产业带来的产出增长扩散至整个经济（经济的各个部门）

引用 richard0803 2010-10-14 21:41

回复 mzviolet1987 的帖子

1.economic trend 我犯傻了，已改

2.There are plenty of potential candidates, from the remaking of finance in the wake of the crash of 2008 to the explosion of sovereign debt.
感觉您没有表达出in the wake of的意思。韦氏字典：
in the wake of  
1 : close behind and in the same path of travel <missionaries arrived in the wake of conquistadors and soldiers ― Sabine MacCormack>
2 : as a result of : as a consequence of <power vacuums left in the wake of the second world war ― A. M. Schlesinger b1917>
紧紧跟随；随着…而来

3.contribute用法的确不知，学习了

4.“Since then 译为十年内如何？正好可以和十年前呼应，后面的in another decade就直接译为未来十年。比较直观一些。”
您的译法的确更好，已改。

5.less happy 这里我没有多想，处理得比较直白了。
今天看了另几个译本，感觉黑蔷薇的译法貌似更好些，看得出在这里比我更用心。

感谢版主的点评！

引用 richard0803 2010-10-14 21:49

回复 lisa226 的帖子

您看得真仔细，谢谢指正！

引用 yaqingCathy 2010-10-14 23:18

回复 yaqingCathy 的帖子

呵呵，为什么道歉呢？大家都把译文贴出来可以互相交流互相学习啊，这样挺好的，本来每周的题目就少嘛。加油！

引用 marten56 2010-10-15 11:06

原文链接在哪儿找啊？求解

引用 DMAJOR 2010-10-15 15:09

Thanks your contribute

引用 gangangwen 2010-10-16 20:10

图标能翻译一下吗？谢谢

引用 gangangwen 2010-10-16 23:07

看了一半，先把前一半的问题说下
1、(para. 1) What will tomorrow's historians see as the defining economic trend of the early 21st century?
在未来的历史学家眼里，什么才是21世纪初期主流的经济发展形势呢？

2、(para. 2) Ten years ago rich countries dominted the world economy, contributing around two-thirds of global GDP after allowing for differences in purchasing power. Since then that share has fallen to just over half.
十年前，富国在全球经济中处于主导地位，在考虑了购买力差异的情况下，他们占据了全球GDP的2/3。十年内，这一份额已下降到一半多点。

3、(para. 3) ...compared with less than a third between 1960 and 2000, and virtually none in the century before that.
……从1960年到2000年，这一数字还不到三分之一，而在1960年前甚至为零。

4、(para. 4) This "rise of the rest" is a remarkable achievement, bringing with it unprecedented improvements in living standards for the majority of people on the planet.
所谓的“弱国崛起”令人瞩目，这一成就前所未有地提升了世界绝大多数人的生活水平。

5、(para. 4) ...the lack of growth in the big economies of...
……发达经济体缺乏增长

6、(para. 5) The first is the sheer scale of the recession of 2008-09 and the weekness of the subsequent recovery.
首当其冲的是2008年至2009年规模空前的衰退及随后疲弱的复苏。

7、(para. 5) For the advanced economies as a whole,...
从整个发达经济体来看，……

8、(para. 5) underused factories
闲置厂房

9、(para. 5) ...does not expect this "output gap" to close until 2015.
……预计，要到2015年才能回补这一“产出缺口”。

10、(para. 6) The level of demand determines whether economies run above or below their "trend" rate of growth, but that trend rate itself depends on the supply of workers and their productivity.
需求水平决定了经济与其增长率“趋势”的一致性，但这种趋势本身是由劳工的供给和他们的生产效率决定的。

11、(para. 6) Across the rich world the supply of workers is about to slow as the number of pensioners rises.
随着领取养老金的人数不断攀升，富裕国家的劳工供给将持续减少。

12、(para. 6) In western Europe the change will be especially marked. Over the coming decade the region's working-age population, which until now has been rising slowly, will shrink by some 0.3% a year.
值得一提的是西欧。虽然该地区的劳动人口现在还在缓慢增长，但预计未来十年就将有约0.3%的年降幅。

13、(para. 6) In Japan, where the pool of potential workers is already shrinking...
在日本，目前潜在劳动力已处于下降趋势……

14、(para. 6) America's demography is far more favourable, but he growth in its working-age population, at some 0.3% a year over the coming two decades, will be less than a third of the post-war average.
美国的情况相对好很多，但是在未来20年里，劳动年龄人口增长率可能只有0.3%，这一数字还不及战后平均水平的三分之一。

15、(para. 7) an impending slowdown in the labour supply
面临的劳工供给减少

16、(para. 7) Unless more immigrants are allowed in, or a larger proportion of the working-age population joins the labour force, or people retire later, or their productivity accelerates, the ageing population will translate into permanently slower potential growth.
（要改变这种趋势，方法很多：）可以增加外来移民数量、提高劳动人口比例、退出退休人员年龄、加快生产效率提升。但如果没有任何行动的话，老龄化的人口只会长期拖累潜在增长率。

17、(para. 8) Calculations by Dale Jorgenson of Harvard University and Khuong Vu of the National University of Singapore make the point starkly.
哈佛大学的DJ和新加坡国立大学的KV的预测也与这冰冷而残酷的结论不谋而合。

18、(para. 8) They show that the average underlying annual growth rate of the G7 group of big rich economies between 1998 and 2008 was 2.1%.
他们的研究表明，1998年至2008年间，富裕国家的代表，G7的年均潜在增长率为2.1%。

19、(para. 8) ..., and assuming that productivity improves at the same rate as in the past ten years,...
……，并假设生产力进步水平与过去十年相同，……

20、(para. 9) Faster productivity growth could help to mitigate the slowdown,...
更快的生产力增长可以减缓潜在增长率下降的步伐，……

21、(para. 9) Before the financial crisis hit, the trend in productivity growth was flat or slowing in many rich countires even as it soared in the emerging world.
在金融危机之前，尽管新兴市场的生产力水平迅速提高，但许多富裕国家的却滞涨严重。

22、(para. 9) Growth in output per worker in America, which had risen sharply in the late 1990s thanks to increased output of information technology, and again in the early part of this decade as the gains from IT spread throughout the economy, began to flag after 2004.
信息技术在20世纪90年代的快速发展以及在21世纪初期的普遍应用，使得美国的人均产出大幅提升；然而在2004年之后，这一指标就开始萎靡不振。

23、(para. 9) It revived during the recession...
在这次萧条期间……

24、(para. 9) Japan's productivity slumped after its bubble burst in the early 1990s. Western Europe's, overall, has also weak ended since the mid-1990s.
日本的生产力水平在20世纪90年代早期其经济泡沫破灭后大幅下降。西欧的生产力水平总体上从20世纪90年代中期后也受到削弱。

25、(para. 10) the hangover from the finacial crisis
金融危机的后遗症

26、(para. 10) Long periods of high unemployment tend to reduce rather than augment the pool of potential workers.
长期的高失业率会减少潜在劳工人数。

27、(para. 10)  The unemployed lose their skills, and disillusioned workers drop out of the workforce.
失业人员会丧失职业技能，失意工人会失去求职动力。

引用 gangangwen 2010-10-17 15:32

以下是下半部分
28、(para. 11) Optimists point to America’s experience over the past century as evidence that recessions, even severe ones, need not do lasting damage.
乐观者们引用美国20世纪的例子来证明，即使严重的衰退也不会对经济造成持久的影响。

29、(para. 11) After every downturn the economy eventually bounced back so that for the period as a whole America’s underlying growth rate per person remained remarkably stable (see chart 2).
每一次探底后，经济最终都会反弹。长期来看，美国的人均潜在增长率还是相当平稳的（见图表2）。

30、(para. 11) Despite a lack of demand, America’s underlying productivity grew faster in the 1930s than in any other decade of the 20th century. Today’s high unemployment may also be preparing the ground for more efficient processes.
尽管缺乏需求，20世纪30年代美国潜在生产力的增长速度在整个20世纪里也是首屈一指的。因而如今的高失业率也可能正在为更高效的增长进程埋下伏笔。

31、(para. 12) Most economists, however, reckon that rich economies’ capacity has already sustained some damage, especially in countries where much of the growth came from bubble industries like construction, as in Spain, and finance, as in Britain.
然而，大多数经济学家认为富裕国家，特别是那些靠泡沫产业拉动经济的国家（如依靠建筑业的西班牙和依赖金融业的英国），其经济活力已受到一定程度的损害。

32、(para. 12) The OECD now reckons that the fallout from the financial crisis will, on average, knock some 3% off rich countries’ potential output. Most of that decline has already occurred.
OECD认为，金融危机的后遗症将会使富裕国家的潜在产出平均下降3%，而其中的大部分已得到消化。

33、(para. 13) The longer that demand remains weak, the greater the damage is likely to be. Japan’s experience over the past two decades is a cautionary example, especially to fast-ageing European economies. The country’s financial crash in the early 1990s contributed to a slump in productivity growth. Soon afterwards the working-age population began to shrink.
日本过去二十年的历史告诫我们，需求疲弱持续的时间越长，造成的危机可能就越严重。这一教训对于迅速老龄化的欧洲国家来说尤为重要。20世纪90年代的金融危机给日本带来了了生产力增速的大幅下降。

34、(para. 13) The economy failed to recover and deflation set in.
经济未能恢复元气，通货紧缩则乘虚而入。

35、(para. 14) To avoid Japan’s fate, rich countries need to foster growth in two ways, by supporting short-term demand and by boosting long-term supply.
为避免日本的命运，富裕国家需要从两个角度着手促进增长：一方面增加短期需求，另一方面助推长期供给。

36、(para. 14) Unfortunately, today’s policymakers often see these two strategies as alternatives rather than complements.
不幸的是，如今的决策者们往往把这两项策略视作对立而非统一。

37、(para. 14) ...concerns about economies’ medium-term potential are beside the point at the moment.
……根本不用担心经济的中期潜力。

38、(para. 15) European economists put more emphasis on boosting medium-term growth, favouring reforms such as making labour markets more flexible. They tend to reject further fiscal stimulus to prop up demand.
欧洲的经济学家更为重视刺激经济的中期增长，偏向诸如使劳动力市场更灵活这样的改革。他们不愿意进一步地刺激财政来提升需求。

39、(para. 15) Jean-Claude Trichet, the president of the European Central Bank, is a strong advocate of structural reforms in Europe. But he is also one of the most ardent champions of the idea that cutting budget deficits will itself boost growth. All this has led to a passionate but narrow debate about fiscal stimulus versus austerity.
通过削减预算赤字从而推动经济增长这一想法的积极支持者之一，就是欧洲央行行长特里谢，尽管他极力支持欧洲的结构性改革。这引发了一场激烈的讨论：两个仅有的选项——财政的刺激或紧缩。

40、(para. 16) Governments should think more coherently about how to support demand and boost supply at the same time.
政府应该更全面地思考如何同时扩大需求和增加供给。

41、(para. 16) The exact priorities will differ from country to country...
各国可以选择不同的优先考虑对象……

42、(para. 16) First, the Keynesians are right to observe that, for the rich world as a whole, there is a danger of overdoing the short-term budget austerity.
首先，凯恩斯主义者警告说，就整个发达经济体而言，过分追求短期财政紧缩是有危险的。本报认为一点是有依据的。

43、(para. 16) Excessive budget-cutting poses a risk to the recovery, not least because it cannot easily be offset by looser monetary policy. Improvements to the structure of taxation and spending matter as much as the short-term deficits.
过度削减开支增大了经济复苏的风险，即使宽松的货币政策也很难抵消这种风险。事实上，改善税收和支出结构应与缩减短期赤字齐头并进。

44、(para. 17) Second...
另外……

45、(para. 17) ...they have cleaned up their banking sectors reasonably quickly.
……它们明智地快速清查了银行部门。

46、(para. 17)  But more competition and deregulation deserve higher billing, especially in services, which in all rich countries are likely to be the source of most future employment and productivity growth.
但是激烈的竞争和宽松的监管（特别是在服务业）将会创造更多财富，这有可能成为所有富裕国家未来就业率回升和生产力发展的源泉。

47、(para. 18) Instead, too many governments are determined to boost innovation by reinventing industrial policy. Making the jobless more employable should be higher on the list, especially in America, where record levels of long-term unemployment suggest that labour markets may not be as flexible as many people believe.
然而，更多政府却决心通过改变产业政策来促进创新。事实上，各国应把就业问题作为当务之急。这一点对美国尤为重要，长期失业率达到创纪录水平，说明劳动力市场不像许多人想象的那样灵活。

48、(para. 19) Faster growth is not a silver bullet. It will not eliminate the need to trim back unrealistic promises to pensioners; no rich country can simply grow its way out of looming pension and health-care commitments. Nor will it stop the relentless shift of economic gravity to the emerging world.
更快的经济增长并不是像灵丹妙药一样触手可及的。它需要消除对领养老金者不切实际的承诺；然而又没有一个富裕国家能废除庞大的养老金和医保制度。它还将受到经济中心向新兴市场转移这一残酷进程的限制。

引用 Edmontonian 2010-10-18 01:13

Growth in output per worker in America, which had risen sharply in the late 1990s thanks to increased output of information technology, and again in the early part of this decade as the gains from IT spread throughout the economy, began to flag after 2004.

这段话我觉得我没有读懂。我看你译的也没有读懂。有两个地方可以探讨一下，一个是economy这个词，当然是经济体的意思，可是具体指的是什么，我个人觉得是全球经济体，因为正是因为全球经济体对IT市场的瓜分导致了美国IT市场的下降。似乎比较适合上下文的链接。当然这个我没有把握。

还有一个是again，这个词的理解可能能解释上面的问题。这个‘又’字是对什么而言。

引用 richard0803 2010-10-18 20:52

回复 gangangwen 的帖子

1.defining是define的现在分词，原意为“定义性的”，凸显其重要性，我处理为“决定性的”，似乎没什么不妥。后面趋势形势也没什么区别。
2.参见4楼。我这里前面改错了，应该是“十年前”,sorry。
一半多点确实比较自然，接受。
3.virtually:almost or very nearly, so that any slight difference is not important
virtually zero几乎为零，和零差不多
4.rise of the rest 是这几年的一个时髦用词，它想表达的是发达国家衰退，发展中国家或者说新兴市场崛起，西方不亮东方亮。我不知道现在有没有一个固定的译法？
5.the lack of growth in the big rich economies  您漏掉了rich
6.我这里忠于原文，您做了一下拓展。我加了“巨大”二字。
7.我觉得均可。
8.underused=not fully used 和闲置有区别吧？
9.意思我懂，的确没您准确。已改。
10.productivity我肯定是译为生产率，经济学专业术语，沿用至今。
11.无伤大雅吧？
12.您更准确。已改。
13.我的理解是，进行时表明这件事已经发生了。
14.两可。您的大概比我更好懂。
15.供给没翻出来。已改。
16.明显是您的意思更直白！谢谢。
17.您这是锦上添花，谢谢！
18.无伤大雅
19.已改。

先看到这里，无论如何我都要对您如此细致认真的点评和精神表示诚挚的敬意！！

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