[2011.8.20] 土耳其和叙利亚问题

引用 Sophia2011 2011-8-22 10:45

本帖最后由 Sophia2011 于 2011-8-22 11:02 编辑

词汇整理如下1：

1. sanctuary noun plural sanctuaries

1 [countable] an area where wild birds or animals are protected and encouraged to breed
Synonym reservea
bird/wildlife sanctuary

2 [uncountable] safety and protection, especially for people who are being chased or attacked
to take sanctuary in a place
The government offered sanctuary to 4000 refugees.
She longed for the sanctuary of her own home.a place of sanctuary

3 [countable, usually singular] a safe place, especially one where people who are being chased or attacked can stay and be protected
The church became a sanctuary for the refugees.

4 [countable] a holy building or the part of it that is considered the most holy
the sanctuary of Poseidon at Sourvion
Women were forbidden to enter the sanctuary.

2. defect verb
[intransitive] defect (from something) (to something) to leave a political party, country, etc. to join another that is considered to be an enemy
A number of writers and musicians defected from the Soviet Union to the West in the 1960s.
She defected from the party just days before the election.
defection noun
[uncountable, countable]defection (from something) (to something)
There have been several defections from the ruling party.
defector noun

3. en masse adverb  (from French)
all together, and usually in large numbers
The young folk were emigrating en masse.

4. voice verb
give opinion
1 voice something to tell people your feelings or opinions about something
to voice complaints/criticisms/doubts/objections, etc.
A number of parents have voiced concern about their children's safety.
phonetics
2 voice something to produce a sound with a movement of your vocal cords as well as your breath compare unvoiced, voiceless

5. disdain noun
[uncountable, singular] the feeling that somebody/something is not good enough to deserve your respect or attention
Synonym contempt
to treat somebody with disdain
He turned his head away in disdain.
disdain for somebody/something a disdain for the law


6. fury noun
1 [uncountable] extreme anger that often includes violent behaviour
Synonym rage
Her eyes blazed with fury.Fury over tax increases (= as a newspaper headline ).
(figurative) There was no shelter from the fury of the storm.

2 [singular] a state of being extremely angry about something
Synonym rage
He flew into a fury when I refused.

3 the Furies [plural] (in ancient Greek stories) three goddesses who punish people for their crimes see also furious
idioms
like fury
(informal) with great effort, power, speed, etc.

7. tautology noun  [uncountable, countable]
a statement in which you say the same thing twice in different words, when this is unnecessary, for example ‘They spoke in turn, one after the other.’
tautological adjective
tautologous  adjective

8. be at the end of your tether
(British English) (North American English be at the end of your rope) to feel that you cannot deal with a difficult situation any more because you are too tired, worried, etc
You'd better let her know you're safe. She's at the end of her tether.

be at (或come to, get to, reach) the end of one’s rope (或tether) 山穷水尽；智穷力竭

9. assault noun
1 [uncountable, countable] the crime of attacking somebody physically
Both men were charged with assault.
sexual assaults
assault on/upon somebody
A significant number of indecent assaults on women go unreported.

2 [countable] assault (on/upon/against somebody/something) (by an army, etc.) the act of attacking a building, an area, etc. in order to take control of it
Synonym attack
An assault on the capital was launched in the early hours of the morning.

3 [countable] assault (on/upon something) the act of trying to achieve something that is difficult or dangerous
The government has mounted a new assault on unemployment.
Three people died during an assault on the mountain (= while trying to climb it).

4 [countable] an act of criticizing somebody/something severely
Synonym attack
The suggested closures came under assault from all parties.
assault on/upon/against somebody/something
The paper's assault on the president was totally unjustified.


10. rule somebody/something  out
1 rule (as something) to state that something is not possible or that somebody/something is not suitable
Synonym exclude
Police have not ruled out the possibility that the man was murdered.
The proposed solution was ruled out as too expensive.

2 to prevent somebody from doing something; to prevent something from happening
His age effectively ruled him out as a possible candidate.
rule somebody out of something
[usually passive] (in sport) to state that a player, runner, etc. will not be able to take part in a sporting event; to prevent a player from taking part
He has been ruled out of the match with a knee injury.

11. erstwhile adjective  [only before noun] (formal)
former; that until recently was the type of person or thing described but is not any more
an erstwhile opponent
His erstwhile friends turned against him.

12. vaunted adjective  [usually before noun] (formal)

proudly talked about or praised as being very good, especially when this is not deserved
Their much vaunted reforms did not materialize.

13. boot somebody  out (of something)
(informal) to force somebody to leave a place or job
Synonym throw out

14. cave in (on somebody/something)
(of a roof, wall, etc.) to fall down and towards the center
The ceiling suddenly caved in on top of them.
related noun cave-in
cave in (to something)
to finally do what somebody wants after you have been strongly opposing them
The President is unlikely to cave in to demands for a public inquiry.

15. fanfare noun

1 [countable] a short loud piece of music that is played to celebrate somebody/something important arriving
A fanfare of trumpets will sound for the Queen.

2 [uncountable, countable] a large amount of activity and discussion on television, in newspapers, etc. to celebrate somebody/something
The product was launched amid much fanfare worldwide.
Despite the fanfare of publicity that accompanied its launch, his latest novel sold only a few hundred copies.

引用 Sophia2011 2011-8-22 10:45

本帖最后由 Sophia2011 于 2011-8-22 11:09 编辑

词汇整理如下2：

16. patronage
noun  [uncountable]

1 the support, especially financial, that is given to a person or an organization by a patron
Patronage of the arts comes from businesses and private individuals.

2 the system by which an important person gives help or a job to somebody in return for their support

3 (especially North American English) the support that a person gives a shop/store, restaurant, etc. by spending money there

17. rapprochement
noun [singular, uncountable] (from French, formal)

a situation in which the relationship between two countries or groups of people becomes more friendly after a period during which they were enemies
rapprochement (with somebody) policies aimed at bringing about a rapprochement with China
rapprochement (between A and B) There now seems little chance of rapprochement between the warring factions.

18. come close (to something/to doing something)
to almost reach or do something
He'd come close to death.
We didn't win but we came close.
The welfare state never came close to eliminating poverty.


19. broker verb
broker something to arrange the details of an agreement, especially between different countries
a peace plan brokered by the UN

20. scupper verb
scupper something (British English, informal) to cause somebody/something to fail
Synonym foil
The residents' protests scuppered his plans for developing the land.
Their chances of winning were scuppered by injury.


21. Engagement
being involved
4 [uncountable] engagement (with somebody/something) (formal) being involved with somebody/something in an attempt to understand them/it
Her views are based on years of engagement with the problems of the inner city.

22. yank
verb  [transitive, intransitive] (informal)

to pull something/somebody hard, quickly and suddenly
yank something/somebody (+ adverb/preposition) He yanked her to her feet.
yank something/somebody + adjective I yanked the door open.
(+ adverb/preposition) Liz yanked at my arm.
yank noun
She gave the rope a yank.

23. orbit

2 [singular] an area that a particular person, organization, etc. deals with or is able to influence
to come/fall/be within somebody's orbit

24. set
put/start
1 [transitive] set something/somebody + adverb/preposition to put something/somebody in a particular place or position
She set a tray down on the table.
They ate everything that was set in front of them.
The house is set (= located) in fifty acres of parkland.

2 [transitive] to cause somebody/something to be in a particular state; to start something happening

set somebody/something + adverb/preposition
Her manner immediately set everyone at their ease.
He pulled the lever and set the machine in motion.
The new leader has set the party on the road to success.

set somebody/something + adjective
The hijackers set the hostages free.
set somebody/something doing something
Her remarks set me thinking.

25. mount
organize
1 [transitive] mount something to organize and begin something
Synonym arrange
to mount a protest/campaign/an exhibition

26. tighten (或turn) the screws <口>施加压力/turn the screws on sb.=put the screw(s) on (或to) sb.

put the screw(s) on (或to) sb. <口>对某人施加压力；强迫某人：If he won’t give us the money, we’ll have to put the screws on him. 如果他不肯给我们钱，我们就得对他施加压力。

27. sever verb  (formal)

1 to cut something into two pieces; to cut something off something
sever something to sever a rope
a severed artery
sever something from something
His hand was severed from his arm.

2 sever something to completely end a relationship or all communication with somebody
Synonym break off
The two countries have severed all diplomatic links.
She has severed all contact with her family.

28. wedge noun.

1 a piece of wood, rubber, metal, etc. with one thick end and one thin pointed end that you use to keep a door open, to keep two things apart, or to split wood or rock
He hammered the wedge into the crack in the stone.
(figurative) I don't want to drive a wedge between the two of you (= to make you start disliking each other).

2 something that is shaped like a wedge or that is used like a wedge
a wedge of cakeshoes with wedge heels

3 a golf club that has the part that you hit the ball with shaped like a wedge
Idioms see the thin end of the wedge at THIN adjective

29. mollycoddle  verb
(disapproving, becoming old-fashioned)
mollycoddle somebody to protect somebody too much and make their life too comfortable and safe
She was mollycoddled as a child. compare coddle

30. mullah  noun
a Muslim teacher of religion and holy law

mulla(h) noun. 1.毛拉（一些穆斯林国家对精通伊斯兰神学的穆斯林、伊斯兰宗教法律教师和解释者以及有学问的人的尊称）2.（土耳其的）省法官，毛拉 || mullahism n.

引用 Sophia2011 2011-8-22 10:50

本帖最后由 Sophia2011 于 2011-8-22 11:14 编辑

词汇整理如下3：

31. dither verb
[intransitive] to hesitate about what to do because you are unable to decide
Stop dithering and get on with it.
dither over something She was dithering over what to wear.

32. flirt with something
1 to think about or be interested in something for a short time but not very seriously
   She flirted with the idea of becoming an actress when she was younger.

2 to take risks or not worry about a dangerous situation that may happen
   to flirt with danger/death/disaster

33. step up
to come forward
She stepped up to receive her prize.
step something  up
to increase the amount, speed, etc. of something
He has stepped up his training to prepare for the race.
The teaching unions are stepping up industrial action in support of their pay claim.

34. quell verb  (formal)

1 quell something/somebody to stop something such as violent behaviour or protests
Extra police were called in to quell the disturbances.
(figurative) She started to giggle, but Bob quelled her with a look.

2 quell something to stop or reduce strong or unpleasant feelings
Synonym calm
to quell your fears

35. bid
3 (used especially in newspapers) an effort to do something or to obtain something
bid for something a bid for power
bid to do something a desperate bid to escape from his attackers

36. constituent noun

1 a person who lives, and can vote in a constituency
  She has the full support of her constituents.

2 one of the parts of something that combine to form the whole
  Silicon and oxygen are the fundamental constituents of rocks in the earth's crust.

constituency noun plural constituencies

1 (especially British English) [countable] a district that elects its own representative to parliament
Unemployment is high in her constituency.
He owns a house in his Darlington constituency.

2 [countable + singular or plural verb] the people who live in and vote in a particular district
constituency opinion

3 [countable + singular or plural verb] a particular group of people in society who are likely to support a person, an idea or a product
There is a strong constituency of support for his proposal.

37. Zionism
noun  [uncountable]
a political movement that was originally concerned with establishing an independent state for Jewish people, and is now concerned with developing the state of Israel
Zionist noun, adjective

38. pit somebody/something against something
to test somebody or their strength, intelligence, etc. in a struggle or contest against somebody/something else
Lawyers and accountants felt that they were being pitted against each other.
a chance to pit your wits against the world champions (= in a test of your intelligence)

39. cut down to size 1.把…减到一定的大小（或多少）2.<口>使知分寸，使有自知之明：He has become too high-and-mighty lately. It’s time someone cut him down to size. 他近来变得骄傲自大，该让他有点自知之明了。

cut somebody down to size
to show somebody that they are not as important as they think they are

40. parrot verb

parrot somebody/something (disapproving) to repeat what somebody else has said without thinking about what it means

41. intercept verb
intercept somebody/something to stop somebody/something that is going from one place to another from arriving
Reporters intercepted him as he tried to leave the hotel.
The letter was intercepted.

interception  noun [uncountable, countable]
the interception of enemy radio signals

42. desist verb

[intransitive] desist (from something/from doing something) (formal) to stop doing something
They agreed to desist from the bombing campaign.

引用 migmig 2011-8-22 22:46

相对称
相称？这里应该不是对称。

叙利亚的推特者一直表达对土耳其试图让阿萨德先生结束流血冲突表示蔑视
不通。

引用 squarrel2009 2011-8-23 22:36

Turkey’s tough talk on Syria is unlikely to be matched by action
土耳其对叙利亚的强硬言论不太可能与行动相匹配

這裏不能翻譯成言論與行動不相匹配,而是指土耳其對敘利亞言論及行動不一致,言語上的巨人(強硬),行動上的矮子(令人失望的無力).

引用 squarrel2009 2011-8-23 22:57

本帖最后由 squarrel2009 于 2011-8-24 22:17 编辑

希望樓主在語言組織和遣詞造句方面能更符合中文表達習慣，嚴格上講，大部分中文表達都有問題。有些地方的理解上也有問題，全文只能說是意思上過得去。當然樓主在詞匯整理上還是很用心的，倒是值得贊揚。

引用 squarrel2009 2011-8-23 23:05

the last thing Turkey needs is a hostile Iran.
土耳其最终需要的是一个敌对的伊朗。

the last thing意思完全理解反了，它是指土耳其最不需要的是一個敵對的伊朗。如果對the last thing沒有了解，僅從上下文邏輯意思也能猜到正確意思。

the last :the least likely or suitable

引用 squarrel2009 2011-8-23 23:09

“We are at the end of our tether,” roared Recep Tayyip Erdogan, Turkey’s prime minister.
土耳其总理雷杰普•塔伊普•埃尔多安大声表示道，“我们已经山穷水尽了。”

at the end of our tether 指到了忍耐的最大限度，忍無可忍了．

引用 squarrel2009 2011-8-24 00:06

Erdogan and Assad in happier days
埃尔多安和阿萨德更快乐的日子

in happier days似乎可以表示為"打得火熱"。

引用 squarrel2009 2011-8-24 00:25

本帖最后由 squarrel2009 于 2011-8-24 00:26 编辑

On August 17th, in a bid to quell mounting public anger, Mr Erdogan authorised the bombing of hundreds of PKK targets inside Kurdish-controlled northern Iraq.
8月17日，在平息日益高涨的民愤努力中， [逐字對譯，翻譯腔，不象中文表達] 埃尔多安总理授权[這裏該為“下令”“允許”]在几百个库尔德人控制的伊拉克北部内的库尔德工人党目标进行轰炸？[什麼意思]。

[試譯] 8月17日，為平息日益升級的公憤，总理埃尔多安下令對伊拉克北部库尔德人勢力範圍內的幾百處库尔德工人党目标进行轰炸。

引用 squarrel2009 2011-8-24 00:51

本帖最后由 squarrel2009 于 2011-8-24 00:53 编辑

IN A small café outside Istanbul’s Fatih mosque, a slight bearded man lifts his shirt to reveal two deep bullet wounds. “Assad’s soldiers did this to me,” says Motee Albatee, who served as an imam at a Sunni mosque in the besieged Syrian town of Deraa until he fled the country several weeks ago.
伊斯坦布尔的法提赫清真寺外的一个小咖啡馆里，一位有点络腮胡子的人捰起了他的衬衫，露出了两个大枪伤①。莫蒂•阿尔伯蒂（Motee Albatee）说，“阿萨德的士兵打的。”②
一直到几个星期前逃离伊朗时[这里有伊朗的事吗？]，他还在叙利亚被围困的德拉（Deraa）镇担任一座逊尼派清真寺的伊玛目（译者注：这里的伊玛目指清真寺内率领穆斯林作礼拜的人）。


①句說有個人亮出了傷疤，②句突然卻出現了一個人的名字。①②句這樣翻譯成中文時，似乎未在同一人物角色上建立聯系，让人不很理解。
“一直到几个星期前逃离伊朗时....."，中文有这幺表达的幺？

[試譯]伊斯坦布尔的法提赫清真寺外的一个小咖啡馆里，一位有点络腮胡子的人捰起衬衫露出两个深度枪伤。他说，“这是阿萨德的士兵打的。”此人名叫莫蒂•阿尔伯蒂（Motee Albatee），曾在叙利亚被围困的德拉（Deraa）镇担任一座逊尼派清真寺的伊玛目，几周前才逃难至此。

引用 Sophia2011 2011-8-24 01:03

本帖最后由 Sophia2011 于 2011-8-24 01:03 编辑

回复 squarrel2009 的帖子


第一句话翻译的时候，感觉人名和事件似乎没有联系起来，多谢你指出这个差错！

引用 squarrel2009 2011-8-24 01:05

Mr Albatee is among a growing number of Syrian dissidents who have found sanctuary in Turkey, many of them in refugee camps near the border. Some are angry over the reluctance of Turkey’s government to get tougher with Bashar Assad, Syria’s president. “Turkey must set up a buffer zone [inside Syria]” to protect more refugees from the fighting, insists Yayha Bedir, a member of the Syrian Muslim Brotherhood. Like many seated around the table, he believes only drastic action will force the Syrian army to defect en masse, bringing down Mr Assad’s brutal regime.


叙利亚越来越多的异见者已经在土耳其找到了避难所。大部分人在边境附近的难民营里，阿尔伯蒂（Albatee）先生就是其中之一。有些人对土耳其政府不愿对叙利亚总统巴沙尔•阿萨德采取强硬措施而表示愤怒。叙利亚穆斯林兄弟会的成员耶亚•贝德尔（Yayha Bedir）坚持道，“土耳其必须建立一个缓冲地带[在叙利亚境内]”来保护更多来自战斗中的难民----->（使更多难民免受战火）。就像围绕着桌子的许多人一样------->(与桌旁在坐的许多人一样），他相信只有极端----->（激烈的）的行动将迫使叙利亚军队大量一起叛变---->( 集体倒戈），使得阿萨德先生的残暴政权垮台。

引用 squarrel2009 2011-8-24 01:23

本帖最后由 squarrel2009 于 2011-8-24 01:24 编辑

Such talk is particularly loud online, where Syrian tweeters have voiced disdain for Turkey’s attempts to get Mr Assad to end the bloodshed.

这些言论在网上特别火爆，叙利亚的推特者一直对土耳其表示蔑视，因为土耳其试图让阿萨德先生结束流血冲突----->(叙利亚的推特用户一直对土耳其敦促阿萨德结束杀戮行为所作出的努力表示不满)。

引用 squarrel2009 2011-8-24 01:34

The government came close to brokering a peace deal between Syria and Israel
土耳其政府差点儿代理了叙利亚和以色列之间的和平协议---->土耳其政府差点儿充当了叙利亚与以色列和平协议签署的中间（调停）人角色。

Yet Turkey is understandably wary of openly confronting Iran,
然而，可以理解的是，土耳其公开对抗伊朗是非常小心翼翼的，
然而，土耳其在公开对抗伊朗问题方面行事谨慎，这是可以理解的。

引用 ideaismoney 2011-8-24 08:55

引用 ideaismoney 2011-8-24 10:22

太难了啊，他们之间的关系好复杂啊

引用 yijiang2012 2012-3-2 20:10

谢谢sophia和紫帽小萝莉，真是受益匪浅

查看全部评论(18)