微博

ECO中文网

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

ECO中文网 门户 优秀译文推荐 社论 查看内容

[2011.12.31] [宗教自由] 基督徒和狮子

2011-12-30 20:36| 发布者: Somers| 查看: 9589| 评论: 16|原作者: 西米

摘要: 世界上最流行的宗教信仰正在各处受到压制,即使非基督徒也应对此关切

宗教自由

基督徒和狮子
[注1]

世界上最流行的宗教信仰正在各处受到压制,即使非基督徒也应对此关切


lions.jpg

基督教徒的数量几乎和世界人口数量同步增长,但是,22亿信徒的众多数量并不能自然地保障他们的安全。部分原因是,这个世界上最大宗教的地域越益向世界更热的地方扩展(这里“热”字有多种含义)。据Pew论坛今年12月发表的一份报告,黑非洲(撒哈拉以南)的基督教人口占总人口的比例,在上个世纪中从9%猛增至63%。与此同时,欧洲和美国人口中基督徒的比例却分别从95%和96%降到76%和86%。

但是,基督教从疲惫的北方向富有活力的南方的扩展,将不是一件容易的事情。在尼日利亚,几十名基督徒在针对圣诞节祈祷者的伊斯兰炸弹袭击中死亡。在伊朗和巴基斯坦,基督徒因为“变节”(放弃原来的伊斯兰信仰)或“亵渎”罪被判死刑。在印尼,几十座教堂被袭击或关闭。在伊拉克,战前基督教人口的三分之二已逃离那里。在埃及和叙利亚,虽然世俗的独裁者多少给了基督徒一些保护,但政治动荡和穆斯林的狂热在威胁着那里历史悠久的基督教团体。此外,穆斯林并不是造成问题的唯一根源。基督教信仰在前共产主义国家中国和越南也受到烦扰。在印度,印度教民族主义者要求惩罚那些变换信仰转为基督徒的人。在耶路撒冷圣地,当地的教堂受到两方面的夹击:以色列人对基督教财产的侵蚀和巴勒斯坦人独占耶路撒冷的要求。

与历史上那些基督教徒之间的宗教战争和现代的宗教内部冲突(如伊斯兰)比较起来,目前对基督教的烦扰还不算太血腥,但仍然是残酷的。即便西方大国已不再把扩展基督教作为地缘政治的优先目标,仍然很难想象美国的传教士们会漠视中国对家庭教堂的全面禁止。不管他们自己的宗教信仰是什么,西方的选民们有其它原因对基督教徒的命运感到关切。因为,压制基督教的政权或社会通常也会压制其他少数人群。把基督徒视为魔鬼的逊尼派穆斯林同样诅咒什叶派穆斯林。只要宗教问题缠绕进来,任何冲突都变得难以化解。

绝非十字军运动[注2]

在自由主义的价值观念中,信教或不信教的自由有着极为重要的地位。美国政府有促进宗教自由的法律义务。基于它自己的理念,美国理应对所有形式的宗教压制感到关切:不管是穆斯林受到的迫害,还是中国的基督教徒、伊朗的犹太教徒和巴黑伊教派经受的磨难,都是一样。当基督教占统治地位的国家(如白俄罗斯)发生压制其他宗教现象时,美国同样表示了反对。其它宗教色彩较淡的西方国家也应当在保护宗教自由上承担更多责任。

有些人把迫害其他宗教看做是自己的使命,这在各个宗教里都不少见:从德里到耶路撒冷,很多煽动宗教仇恨的人自称为神意的执行者。但伊斯兰的问题更大一些。依照伊斯兰法(不是可兰经),对于改变信仰的人通常必须执行死刑。不过,现在已经有改变的迹象。有57个成员国的伊斯兰合作组织,已不再要求把一些联合国决议中的词句视为“亵渎伊斯兰”和非法,这个态度得到了美国的鼓励。这个组织还谴责了尼日利亚发生的袭击基督教徒的事件。但是,更多的穆斯林领导人需要承认人们改变信仰的权利。在这一点上,西方不应退缩。不然的话,宗教信徒们(不管是不是基督教徒)仍然难以摆脱困境。

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[注1]在基督教早期受到的迫害中,曾有古罗马把基督徒喂给狮子的酷刑。
[注2]这里是说反对迫害基督徒并不是像十字军东征那样站在基督教立场上反对异教,而是要反对一切形式的宗教压制。

 
 
感谢译者 西米 点击此处阅读双语版

4

鲜花

握手

雷人
1

路过

鸡蛋

刚表态过的朋友 (5 人)

发表评论

最新评论

引用 yoyo1234 2011-12-30 16:44
学习了
引用 contrary 2011-12-30 22:21
But moving from the jaded north to the dynamic south does not portend an easy future.
但是,基督教从疲惫的北方向富有活力的南方的扩展,将不是一件容易的事情。
does not portend an easy future. 我认为意思是这种扩展并不意味着基督教的未来会就此一片光明。

Not all Christianity’s woes are down to Muslims.
此外,穆斯林并不是造成问题的唯一根源。
woes译成问题我觉得有所欠缺
此外,穆斯林并不是令基督教徒遭受痛苦的唯一根源。

formally communist China
前共产主义国家中国
我觉得是形式上的共产主义中国...

to penalise Christians who make converts
印度教民族主义者要求惩罚那些变换信仰转为基督徒的人。
make converts 皈依

Followers of Jesus may yet become a rarity in his homeland.
漏了
引用 wxhwill 2011-12-31 02:16
学习了。
引用 weinikeke 2012-1-1 12:46
But moving from the jaded north to the dynamic south does not portend an easy future但是从渐无生机的北方转移到活力四射的南方也并不意味着他们前景光明。
引用 weinikeke 2012-1-1 12:56
"Lion" was the nickname of several medieval warrior rulers with a reputation for bravery, such as the English King Richard the Lionheart,[182] Henry the Lion (German: Heinrich der Löwe), Duke of Saxony and Robert III of Flanders nicknamed "The Lion of Flanders"—a major Flemish national icon up to the present.文章讲了许多的宗教斗争,很多大头目迫害其他宗教的事。我查了一下lion有野蛮的镇压者的意思,本篇的题目译成基督徒与狮子无错,但是并不出彩,没有联系文章中的意思,我的译法:基督徒与守门狮,包含了中文中门口的狮子捍卫自家宅,不容他人侵犯之意。
How do you think about that?
引用 yannanchen 2012-1-3 01:36
Safety in numbers is the hypothesis that, by being part of a large physical group or mass, an individual is proportionally less likely to be the victim of a mishap, accident, attack, or other bad event. Some related theories also argue (and can show statistically) that mass behaviour (by becoming more predictable and "known" to other people) can reduce accident risks, such as in traffic safety - in this case, the safety effect creates an actual reduction of danger, rather than just a redistribution over a larger group.

引用 yannanchen 2012-1-3 01:41
and Islamist bids to monopolise Palestinian life.和巴勒斯坦人独占耶路撒冷的要求。????
不对

引用 yannanchen 2012-1-3 01:49
Followers of Jesus may yet become a rarity in his homeland
出彩的话漏译
引用 yannanchen 2012-1-3 01:57
本帖最后由 yannanchen 于 2012-1-3 01:59 编辑

to penalise Christians who make converts.

惩罚那些基督徒, 因为他们劝人皈依基督教

California represents the "high-water mark" of Spanish expansion in North America, it being the last and northernmost colony on the continent.[9] The mission system arose in part from the need to control Spain's ever-expanding holdings in the New World. Realizing that the colonies would require a literate population base that the mother country could not supply, the government (with the cooperation of the Church) established a network of missions with the goal of converting the natives to Christianity; the aim was to make converts and tax paying citizens of the indigenous peoples they conquered.[10] To become Spanish citizens and productive inhabitants, the native Americans were required to learn Spanish language and vocational skills along with Christian teachings.[11] Estimates for the pre-contact native population in California have been based on a number of different sources (and therefore vary substantially), but indigenous peoples may have numbered as high as 300,000, divided into more than 100 separate tribes or nations.[12][13][14]

引用 yannanchen 2012-1-3 02:07
本帖最后由 yannanchen 于 2012-1-3 02:07 编辑

回复 weinikeke 的帖子

10.^ "As the existence of the Christians became more widely known, it became increasingly clear that they were (a) antisocial, in that they did not participate in the normal social life of their communities; (b) sacrilegious, in that they refused to worship the gods; and (c) dangerous, in that the gods did not take kindly to communities that harbored those who failed to offer them cult. By the end of the second century, the Christian apologist (literally, 'defender' of the faith) Tertullian could complain about the widespread perception that Christians were the source of all disasters brought against the human race by the gods. 'They think the Christians the cause of every public disaster, of every affliction with which the people are visited. If the Tiber rises as high as the city walls, if the Nile does not send its waters up over the fields, if the heavens give no rain, if there is an earthquake, if there is famine or pestilence, straightway the cry is, "Away with the Christians to the lion!"' (Apology 40)" - Bart D. Ehrman, A Brief Introduction to the New Testament (Oxford University Press 2004 ISBN 9780195369342), pp. 313-314
引用 JamesEco 2012-1-7 20:40
回复 yannanchen 的帖子

'convert (from something) (to something) a person who has changed their religion, beliefs or opinions eg a convert to Islam'  Oxford dict.
不是皈依,是变信仰。emphasize on the transformation itself.
i am adherent to the his.
引用 JamesEco 2012-1-7 20:44
回复 contrary 的帖子

formally communist  形式上的共产主义    just like     physically hurt/tall。一般我们说痛或者高时,指的就是physically。  这里也一样,不用把‘形式上的’说出来。 但是你说对的,不是formerly, but formally, XiMi was wrong.
引用 JamesEco 2012-1-7 20:46
回复 西米 的帖子

备注恰到好处。
引用 JamesEco 2012-1-7 20:50
回复 yannanchen 的帖子

Palestinians do try to occupy the Holy place by themselves, they want people in the area live in Palestinian way, ie Islamic way. So i disagree with you remark.
引用 contrary 2012-1-8 22:55
回复 JamesEco 的帖子

我当时在怀疑这是不是在诟病中国形式上是共产主义、社会主义,实际上却搞市场经济那一套。。。如果不是这个意思的话,那你正解~
引用 西米 2012-1-9 14:37
回复 contrary 的帖子

多谢。五条建议中已修改四条。

to penalise Christians who make converts ---我当时在翻译此句时,就不太有把握,这里是说惩罚那些自己从伊斯兰信徒转为基督徒的人,还是那些劝说伊斯兰信徒转变信仰为基督徒的人呢?现在仍无把握。征求大家见解。


查看全部评论(16)

QQ|小黑屋|手机版|网站地图|关于我们|ECO中文网 ( 京ICP备06039041号  

GMT+8, 2024-11-25 01:04 , Processed in 0.063652 second(s), 28 queries .

Powered by Discuz! X3.3

© 2001-2017 Comsenz Inc.

返回顶部