[2010.11.25] 让他们也有一个梦

引用 郁郁金香 2010-11-27 18:31

本帖最后由 郁郁金香 于 2010-11-29 17:01 编辑

IT WAS always meant to have been one of Barack Obama’s big priorities. But along with saving the planet from global warming and closing down the prison camp at Guantánamo Bay, immigration reform has slithered down[sup]2[/sup] the White House’s to-do list as[sup]1[/sup] health care turned from triumph to liability[sup]3[/sup]. With the House of Representatives due to pass into Republican control at the beginning of next year and the Democrats’ majority in the Senate due to be slashed at the same time, Mr Obama looks[sup]4[/sup] set to end his second year in office without having brought forward a plan for immigration reform, let alone[sup]5[/sup] getting one[sup]6[/sup] enacted. Even[sup]7[/sup] climate-change legislation has fared better than that.
移民改革一直都是奥巴马优先要做的大事之一。但因为同时还要应对全球变暖以及关掉关塔那摩战俘营，医改从成功走向**，奥巴马政府始终未着手移民改革一事。考虑到众议院明年初就要落入共和党之手，同时民主党在参议院的主导地位也岌岌可危，假如奥巴马再提不出移民改革方案，或许就不能连任了，更别说签一个法案了。甚至连气候变化立法都比移民改革问题解决得好。

This is disappointing. America has at least four separate[sup]8[/sup] immigration problems to contend with, and on[sup]9 [/sup]only one of them is there any progress. The four are the securing of the southern border to cut the number of illegals who cross, often risking their lives in the harsh desert; expanding the number of high-skilled foreigners that America lets in and keeps; finding a way to ensure an adequate supply of unskilled workers, perhaps through a guest-worker programme; and, trickiest of all, figuring out what to do about the 11m or so mostly Hispanic people living without authorisation inside America, many of whom have been there for decades doing jobs that Americans won’t do while living in the constant fear of deportation.
这真让人失望。（就目前来说）美国至少要解决四个有关移民问题，但却无一取得进展。这四个问题分别是：保障南部边境安全，减少非法越境人数；增加高技术移民的人数；保障非技术工人的供给，为此或许会启动客工计划；（然而）最棘手的一个莫过于第四个，为约1100万拉美裔为主的非法移民指明出路，这些人在美国从事美国人自己不愿干的工作长达几十年之久，却每天活在随时可能被驱逐出境的恐惧之中。

Ideally, all four problems would be settled at once, via a “comprehensive” reform containing something for everyone. Business types[sup]10[/sup] would get their hands on more software geniuses and hod-carriers. Law-and-order Republicans would get a tighter border. Democrats and Hispanic groups would be able to do the right thing by[sup]11[/sup] the 11m (Hispanics are reliable Democratic voters, and saved the party from an even worse drubbing at the mid-terms). In practice, though, perhaps all that can be done is to tackle the problems piecemeal[sup]12[/sup].
理论上，通过照顾到每一个人的综合移民改革，一次性解决这四个问题再好不不过。如此，企业也会雇到从工厂小工到软件精英他们想要的各种员工。宣扬法治的共和党则会有一个更安全的边境。而民主党人和拉美裔集团也可以为1100万的移民们贡献一份自己的力量。要知道，拉美裔移民是民主党可靠的支持者，曾在中期选举中救民主党于危难。然而回到现实中来，问题却只能各个击破。

On the border issue, there has been some success: more border guards, smarter technology, tougher requirements on employers to verify the legality of their workforce plus[sup]13[/sup] (unfortunately) the recession have halved the numbers caught crossing over[sup]14[/sup] the past five years. An increase in the number of visas available for the well-qualified could sail through the more-Republican Congress if [sup]14[/sup]submitted next year. A guest-worker programme is harder, but also[sup]15[/sup] less urgent in straitened times. Yet[sup]16[/sup] on the plight of the 11m, there has been no progress whatsoever[sup]17[/sup]. Republicans have in the past branded[sup]18[/sup] any attempt to regularise their position as “amnesty”, an ugly word that killed the last attempt at reform in 2007.
就边境问题来说，还是取得了一些成就：五年来，由于边防军的增加，应用更智能的技术以及更严格的雇工要求使得非法越境的人数减少了一半。假如客工计划明年得以提交，增加合格申请者的签证数量就可能会在共和党日益主导的国会通过。就目前的情况来说，客工计划既不紧急也不必要。但无论如何，就目前1100万非法移民的困境来说，没有任何进展。过去，共和党人打击任何试图将他们视为“特赦”的行为，“特赦”这个丑陋的词语使07年最后一次改革尝试夭折了。

Man up [sup]19[/sup]

Even a little bravery on this subject would be welcome. And a suitable, if[sup]20[/sup] small, proposal does exist, in the shape of[sup]21[/sup] the DREAM Act, which a bipartisan group of humane and sensible senators have been trying to get passed for a decade. It provides for young illegals to earn their citizenship by either service in the armed forces (they can sometimes do this already, but it is tricky[sup]22[/sup]), or by spending at least two years in higher education, both coupled with an extended[sup]23[/sup] period of blameless law-abiding. It is a testament to[sup]24[/sup] just how nasty the immigration debate has become that a measure that would bring the fearful out of the shadows, encourage tertiary education in a section of the workforce that needs more of it and supply the undermanned army with recruits has gone nowhere. House Democrats still have the votes to push the bill through their chamber before the outgoing Congress retires[sup]25[/sup] at the end of the year, and then dare[sup]26[/sup] the Republicans to block it in the Senate. If only they have the courage to say gracias.
哪怕就移民问题有一个小小的勇敢举动都会受到欢迎。两党中仁爱与开明的参议员们10年来一直致力于这么一个“梦想法令”，尽管有些小。该法令为年轻的非法移民提供了争取公民身份的机会，只要他们服兵役（的确有人这么做，但这是个陷阱）或着上两年大学，但都要求在延长期里无违法记录。这项措施能将提心吊胆的非法移民从黑暗中解救出来，能鼓励他们上大学，还能为人员不足的部队补充新兵，然而这恰恰证明了今天就移民问题的政治辩论是多么的肮脏。众议院民主党在年末离任国会之前仍然有有选票通过该法案，接着共和党人会在参议院阻止。只要他们还有勇气说一声谢谢。

Leaders


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说明：文中稍有别扭的地方我即标注了红色，最无情的给出自己的不足，最大限度的提高自己。
这些红色有的是小问题（遣词造句方面的；非习惯表达方式等等；这些小问题的最大特点是不影响理解），更多的是大问题（上下文逻辑问题，影响理解）。此外，这篇文章虽则不长，却着花了不少时间。是我在eco的几天里见过比较蛋疼的文章。欢迎各位拍砖。
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1.as问题，首先（题外话）通常把它翻译成“随着”或者“因为”我拿不准，因为感觉起来都挺像的。当然这里的问题涉及到上文的along with，along with 提到两个事情（全球变暖和战俘营问题）而as又提到一个事情（医改），主句呢又出现一个（移民改革），所以当时我不太能搞清楚这三者（显然along with的两件事是并列的，可以视为一体）的逻辑关系，那么接下来就是从句as与主句内容的关系了，当时我把along with的位置看成是比较独立的了，现在看来，along with应该和移民改革在一起，所以应该是两者而不是三者，而在主句中又可以分成两节，这两节也很有必要，因为表明了移民改革是继全球变暖和战俘营之后泡汤的，这个逻辑关系当初我没有体会到。此外我们可以联想和体味一下along with、coupled with、together with甚至是and、plus这几个词语的不同（谁还可以联想到类似的可以补上去）。当然，1问题的产生其实还和2这个词语有关，当时我拿不准该词语是说移民改革进入了待办事项（只是进的慢了些，slither嘛）还是压根儿就没有进入，现在看来是没有进入。可见有时候诸如词语单词一类的“硬知识”也是很关键的；
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2.参见1
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3.liability这个单词当时让我摸不着头脑。按照form a to b的猜测，此处定然不会再是一个类似于“成功”的词语，所以必然是相反的，但当时就是觉得liability除了“责任”还有什么意思啊，所以当时傻了。后来此问题经由skittos和sailer两人的指点，并最终采取了sailer的建议。将之翻译成“负担”，我也认为很好；
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4.这个问题其实没有影响我当时的理解，只是想借此机会点出来，looks在此能否换成appears，seems（别的类似的诸位加上，这种比较我认为很有意义，但好像seems 要加to？）。另外，我一直对这种一个v+v的形式不习惯，勿见笑，望高人可以就此点拨一番。但此句我仍然没有翻译对，我认为是我没有留心end in应该是一个词组。通常假如一个词组被隔开的比较远，我就会被骗过去，为此，诸位谁有高见，亦望指点；
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5.这个词组同set to一样，我当然知道他本身的意思，否则就没法再这里混了。只是受到问题6代词one的影响，我不知道这里面让步语气的所指。提问：one和上一个分句中的a plan是什么关系？从语法上分析one和它应该没关系，因为如果one是指plan，那么就必须用it而不能用one，因为one一般泛指，且用于第一次出现。那么如果不一样呢，又是？
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6.参见5
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7.如果1问题解决了，7就不是问题了。言外之意是，作者认为气候变化这个问题其实更棘手，竟然都有所进展。同时也和along with呼应，说明气候问题也仅仅是好那么一点点，比起其他几个。但让是我没有体会到even的让步感觉，但由于从语法上可以分析出来，所以我还是生硬的将它翻译成了让步（这个在考研的翻译中我觉得很实用，有时候真是理解不了原句了，尽量忠实于原句，不可乱猜或过分意译。但问题来了，有时候大胆的猜一猜，反倒很到位。这可能是一个矛盾吧，也请就这个问题，各位说说自己的看法）；
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8.这个问题是小问题，不影响理解。我只是觉得自己当时没有把separate翻译出来，因为我觉得既然后面说是comprehensive，于是我没有过分强调“独立的”这种意思。或许可以体现在句中，以保证准确性；
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9.on至今不理解。另外，本句有人认为是有一个问题有进展了，有人认为没有一个，有和没有的依据是哪个词语？on吗?我认为如果是有进展的话，必然是on介词，它有“前进、运转”的感觉，请指点；
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10.小问题
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11.by问题要感谢sailer和skittos两人，开始觉得sailer的对，但最终我认为是skittos找到了答案。不过我认为，将skittos的“实践诺言”翻译成“对得起”会更好，因为后面的括号里的内容恰好是解释为什么要“对得起”，即“民主党人和拉美裔集团也对得起这1100万的移民了”（说到这里有一个对所有看到的人的一个小小的建议：希望诸位往日里留言跟帖探讨问题之后，最好可以再将自己的译文贴上来，否则很多情况下，仍然不能明白你的观点。译文是最好的诠释，理解没理解一看便知。如果各位都能做到，我觉得这一小步对论坛的发展意义很大）；
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12.小问题。当时我查的字典显示该单词只有noun的词性，遂懵了，但不影响理解。但这里面藏了一个很有意义的问题：即当语法和你认为的正确意义冲突时，选哪个？这里面显然，我选了“意义”，因为当时我认为怎么这是make宾语补足语吗？
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13.参见1，提问①：plus换成and可以吗？有区别吗？什么区别？如果没有区别，作者为嘛不用and，习惯？
                 提问②：这里面的recession怎么也影响了非法越境的人数了？经济衰退和偷渡有关系？这也是当时我没有翻译出来的原因；
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14.假如cross over后面有一个border，那么其实不影响翻译。那么该词组后面应不应该加宾语呢？还是随意？即可vi也可vt？
14.从句省略主语是谁？在这里s给出了他的看法，说是去后面找。我觉得应该在本句而且应该去前面找。有待探讨，另外，有人再讨论此问题，为防止误解，务必在最后附上你对本句话的完整翻译；
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15.至今不明，请给出你的这句话的翻译；
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16.关涉逻辑大问题，怎么转折了？
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17.anyway替换行吗？
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18.本句话难点①是brand②是amnesty，因为amnesty怎么ugly了？
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19.感谢skittos，“拿出点男人气”很到位，并且给出了论据（一大篇文章）。这里空着是因为我不想翻译成“补充人力”。“celia心爽”可以改一下；
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20.if“尽管”？
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21.不影响理解，但它是说什么呢？
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22.参见“celia心爽”楼下的提问，至今无解；
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23.留心此处。是仅仅说long还是说取得公民身份之后的时间内？如果是取得公民身份以后，那么我要问的是，正常的美国公民有这个附加要求吗？如果也有何必要coupled with，但是如果没有那么为何已经取得美国公民身份的移民们需要有这个附加条件？如果这些移民成为美国公民之后，和正统的美国公民不同（不能违法。谁还不在一生中违几次法啊？因为违法就会获得额外利益。），那么这些移民公民是不是美国公民？
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24.has gone nowhere没有翻译出来，是因为当时一直在分析这个句子，对我来说这个句子有点难。所以最后分析出来后有点兴奋，结果这个小部分就给落下啦，感谢sailer的提醒；
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25.retire的主语是congress吧？显然是。但congress怎么会退休呢？退休的只能是民主党或者共和党吧？另外，outgoing你作何翻译？“即将离任”？congress不会离任吧？“国会”一直都在啊，至今无解；
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26.dare一般不是问号结尾吗？其主语是谁？翻译这句话；
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为了让楼下诸位的劳动成果为更多的人所看到，我把这些东西整合了一下，其中也加入了一些自己在学习英语过程中的几个常见困惑，相信本篇文章会给各位带来不小的收获，但前提是你认真的看过，乃至自己动手先翻译一遍。此外，为保证楼下各位的批评和建议更有针对性。我会把原版翻译（每一个不足和错误都保留下来）放在事先占的二楼里。一楼我会把改正后的文章贴上。
再次感谢楼下的eco战友，尤其是skitoos和sailer！

引用 skittos 2010-11-27 21:02

本帖最后由 skittos 于 2010-11-27 21:12 编辑

与你探讨哈～

IT WAS always meant to have been one of Barack Obama’s big priorities. But along with saving the planet from global warming and closing down the prison camp at Guantánamo Bay, immigration reform has slithered down the White House’s to-do list as health care turned from triumph to liability. With the House of Representatives due to pass into Republican control at the beginning of next year and the Democrats’ majority in the Senate due to be slashed at the same time, Mr Obama looks set to end his second year in office without having brought forward a plan for immigration reform, let alone getting one enacted. Even climate-change legislation has fared better than that.
移民改革一直都是奥巴马优先要做的大事之一。但因为同时还要应对全球变暖以及关掉关塔那摩战俘营，医改从成功走向**，奥巴马政府始终未着手移民改革一事。考虑到众议院明年初就要落入共和党之手，同时民主党在参议院的主导地位也岌岌可危，假如奥巴马再提不出移民改革方案，或许就不能连任了，更别说签一个法案了。甚至连气候变化立法都比移民改革问题解决得好。
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1. from triumph to liability...由一场胜利换得一摞账单




2. Mr Obama looks set to end his second year in office without having brought forward a plan for immigration reform, let alone getting one enacted
假如奥巴马再提不出移民改革方案，或许就不能连任了，更别说签一个法案了。
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set to do sth——adj. get ready
看来奥巴马在执政第二年收尾之际，并不打算提交一份移民改革方案，那就更别提通过它了。

引用 skittos 2010-11-27 21:05

本帖最后由 skittos 于 2010-11-27 21:12 编辑

This is disappointing. America has at least four separate immigration problems to contend with, and on only one of them is there any progress. The four are the securing of the southern border to cut the number of illegals who cross, often risking their lives in the harsh desert; expanding the number of high-skilled foreigners that America lets in and keeps; finding a way to ensure an adequate supply of unskilled workers, perhaps through a guest-worker programme; and, trickiest of all, figuring out what to do about the 11m or so mostly Hispanic people living without authorisation inside America, many of whom have been there for decades doing jobs that Americans won’t do while living in the constant fear of deportation.
这真让人失望。（就目前来说）美国至少要解决四个有关移民问题，但却无一取得进展。这四个问题分别是：保障南部边境安全，减少非法越境人数；增加高技术移民的人数；保障非技术工人的供给，为此或许会启动客工计划；（然而）最棘手的一个莫过于第四个，为约1100万拉美裔为主的非法移民指明出路，这些人在美国从事美国人自己不愿干的工作长达几十年之久，却每天活在随时可能被驱逐出境的恐惧之中。
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1. on only one of them is there any progress——只有一个或许略有进展
securing of the southern border to cut...——securing the border 的目的是加强边界警戒（以减少非法越境人数，这些人在严酷的沙漠中通常顶着生命的危险）


2. often risking their lives in the harsh desert ——漏译了
   
3. many of whom have been there for decades doing jobs that Americans won’t do...
这些人在美国从事美国人自己不愿干的工作长达几十年之久
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其中有很多人居美长达几十年，做美国人不愿干的活，


4. while living in the constant fear of deportation many of whom
却每天活在随时可能被驱逐出境的恐惧之中。
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while短句处理得8错 ！

引用 skittos 2010-11-27 21:15

本帖最后由 skittos 于 2010-11-27 21:18 编辑

Ideally, all four problems would be settled at once, via a “comprehensive” reform containing something for everyone. Business types would get their hands on more software geniuses and hod-carriers. Law-and-order Republicans would get a tighter border. Democrats and Hispanic groups would be able to do the right thing by the 11m (Hispanics are reliable Democratic voters, and saved the party from an even worse drubbing at the mid-terms). In practice, though, perhaps all that can be done is to tackle the problems piecemeal.
理论上，通过照顾到每一个人的综合移民改革，一次性解决这四个问题再好不不过。如此，企业也会雇到从工厂小工到软件精英他们想要的各种员工。宣扬法治的共和党则会有一个更安全的边境。而民主党人和拉美裔集团也可以为1100万的移民们贡献一份自己的力量。要知道，拉美裔移民是民主党可靠的支持者，曾在中期选举中救民主党于危难。然而回到现实中来，问题却只能各个击破。
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1. Business types would get their hands on more software geniuses and hod-carriers.
企业也会雇到从工厂小工到软件精英他们想要的各种员工
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Business types——各种行业。这句话似乎还可以再通畅点～

2. Democrats and Hispanic groups would be able to do the right thing by the 11m (Hispanics are reliable Democratic voters, and saved the party from an even worse drubbing at the mid-terms).
而民主党人和拉美裔集团也可以为1100万的移民们贡献一份自己的力量。要知道，拉美裔移民是民主党可靠的支持者，曾在中期选举中救民主党于危难
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by 11m——表示数量。修饰thing，所以是 11m件事。
直译：民主党人和拉美裔组织就能够做11m 件好事了。（嘿嘿，太幽默了）

引用 celia心爽 2010-11-27 21:58

tricky？何以理解为“陷阱”？
应当是比较棘手的意思吧，指的是手续繁琐。

引用 celia心爽 2010-11-27 22:03

looks set to
set to以我之见可理解为“注定”，所以是不是译成“似乎注定”好些？
我也翻译了这篇，欢迎相互指正。

引用 sailor 2010-11-27 22:31

本帖最后由 sailor 于 2010-11-27 22:43 编辑

Ideally, all four problems would be settled at once, via a “comprehensive” reform containing something for everyone. Business types would get their hands on more software geniuses and hod-carriers. Law-and-order Republicans would get a tighter border. Democrats and Hispanic groups would be able to do the right thing by the 11m (Hispanics are reliable Democratic voters, and saved the party from an even worse drubbing at the mid-terms). In practice, though, perhaps all that can be done is to tackle the problems piecemeal.
理论上，通过照顾到每一个人的综合移民改革，一次性解决这四个问题再好不不过。如此，企业也会雇到从工厂小工到软件精英他们想要的各种员工。宣扬法治的共和党则会有一个更安全的边境。而民主党人和拉美裔集团也可以为1100万的移民们贡献一份自己的力量。要知道，拉美裔移民是民主党可靠的支持者，曾在中期选举中救民主党于危难。然而回到现实中来，问题却只能各个击破。
我仔细点评一段供参考吧，呵呵:
Ideally, all four problems would be settled at once, via a “comprehensive” reform containing something for everyone
选词不准确。“ideally”译为“理论上”不好，是指“理想状态” “comprehensive”译为“全面”较好。句式也可以调整一下！
试译：在理想状态下，这四个问题通过一次让人人各有所得的“全面”改革就可以一并解决。

企业也会雇到从工厂小工到软件精英他们想要的各种员工。
显得有点啰嗦：试译：企业界也可以在更多的软件天才和小工中挑选人手。
Democrats and Hispanic groups would be able to do the right thing by the 11m
理解有误。
民主党人和拉美裔族群有了这1100万人的支持就可以大展宏图了。
In practice, though, perhaps all that can be done is to tackle the problems piecemeal.
Piecemeal译为“各个击破”是不错的选择，这个句子可以调整一下
不过，实际上，或许只有各个击破才能解决这些问题。

On the border issue, there has been some success: more border guards, smarter technology, tougher requirements on employers to verify the legality of their workforce plus (unfortunately) the recession have halved the numbers caught crossing over the past five years. An increase in the number of visas available for the well-qualified could sail through the more-Republican Congress if submitted next year. A guest-worker programme is harder, but also less urgent in straitened times. Yet on the plight of the 11m, there has been no progress whatsoever. Republicans have in the past branded any attempt to regularise their position as “amnesty”, an ugly word that killed the last attempt at reform in 2007.
这一段问题比较多，翻地比较随意，不严谨，漏译也有，理解错误也有。”But also”就是“not only …but also”
. Republicans have in the past branded any attempt to regularise their position as “amnesty”,这句理解有误。an ugly word可译为“这一丑陋的字眼” “guest-worker”：外来务工人员。there has been no progress whatsoever“.反正毫无进展”

It is a testament to just how nasty the immigration debate has become that a measure that would bring the fearful out of the shadows, encourage tertiary education in a section of the workforce that needs more of it and supply the undermanned army with recruits has gone nowhere.
这一段有问题，你的译文上下文逻辑就不对。关键是“go nowhere”不理解,该短语大意是“没有成功”。总体而言，不够严谨，漏译就不少，细节把握基本都不是很到位，理解问题也不少（我可能太狠了，不过忠言逆耳，呵呵）把握细节，一定能更上一层楼！

引用 sailor 2010-11-27 22:33

回复 skittos 的帖子

from triumph to liability:可能译为“由胜利变为负担”会更好。因为中期选举中医改也不受欢迎，反而成了民主党的负担。

引用 sailor 2010-11-27 22:49

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by 11m——表示数量。修饰thing，所以是 11m件事。
直译：民主党人和拉美裔组织就能够做11m 件好事了。（嘿嘿，太幽默了）

我觉得不是这个意思，你这样理解上下文也理解不同啊，请看下文我的理解，与你探讨，呵呵！

引用 skittos 2010-11-27 23:20

本帖最后由 skittos 于 2010-11-28 09:36 编辑

On the border issue, there has been some success: more border guards, smarter technology, tougher requirements on employers to verify the legality of their workforce plus (unfortunately) the recession have halved the numbers caught crossing over the past five years. An increase in the number of visas available for the well-qualified could sail through the more-Republican Congress if submitted next year. A guest-worker programme is harder, but also less urgent in straitened times. Yet on the plight of the 11m, there has been no progress whatsoever. Republicans have in the past branded any attempt to regularise their position as “amnesty”, an ugly word that killed the last attempt at reform in 2007.
就边境问题来说，还是取得了一些成就：五年来，由于边防军的增加，应用更智能的技术以及更严格的雇工要求使得非法越境的人数减少了一半。假如客工计划明年得以提交，增加合格申请者的签证数量就可能会在共和党日益主导的国会通过。就目前的情况来说，客工计划既不紧急也不必要。但无论如何，就目前1100万非法移民的困境来说，没有任何进展。过去，共和党人打击任何试图将他们视为“特赦”的行为，“特赦”这个丑陋的词语使07年最后一次改革尝试夭折了。
-----------------------------------
1. (unfortunately)漏？

2. An increase in the number of visas available for the well-qualified could sail through the more-Republican Congress if submitted next year.
假如客工计划明年得以提交，增加合格申请者的签证数量就可能会在共和党日益主导的国会通过。
----------------------
if submitted——what is to be submitted？不会是客工计划（它在下句才被提及）。这个要在这句中找。
An increase in the number of visas available for the well-qualified——“增加合格申请者的签证数量”是明年提交的内容


3. A guest-worker programme is harder ，but also less urgent in straitened times
就目前的情况来说，客工计划既不紧急也不必要。
---------------------------
"客工"计划较难通过,  不过它并非迫在眉睫

引用 skittos 2010-11-27 23:23

本帖最后由 skittos 于 2010-11-27 23:52 编辑

Man up

Even a little bravery on this subject would be welcome. And a suitable, if small, proposal does exist, in the shape of the DREAM Act, which a bipartisan group of humane and sensible senators have been trying to get passed for a decade. It provides for young illegals to earn their citizenship by either service in the armed forces (they can sometimes do this already, but it is tricky), or by spending at least two years in higher education, both coupled with an extended period of blameless law-abiding. It is a testament to just how nasty the immigration debate has become that a measure that would bring the fearful out of the shadows, encourage tertiary education in a section of the workforce that needs more of it and supply the undermanned army with recruits has gone nowhere. House Democrats still have the votes to push the bill through their chamber before the outgoing Congress retires at the end of the year, and then dare the Republicans to block it in the Senate. If only they have the courage to say gracias.
哪怕就移民问题有一个小小的勇敢举动都会受到欢迎。两党中仁爱与开明的参议员们10年来一直致力于这么一个“梦想法令”，尽管有些小。该法令为年轻的非法移民提供了争取公民身份的机会，只要他们服兵役（的确有人这么做，但这是个陷阱）或着上两年大学，但都要求在延长期里无违法记录。这项措施能将提心吊胆的非法移民从黑暗中解救出来，能鼓励他们上大学，还能为人员不足的部队补充新兵，然而这恰恰证明了今天就移民问题的政治辩论是多么的肮脏。众议院民主党在年末离任国会之前仍然有有选票通过该法案，接着共和党人会在参议院阻止。只要他们还有勇气说一声谢谢。
-------------------------------------
1. Man up —— 拿出男人气来！（见参考）

2. encourage tertiary education in a section of the workforce that needs more of it （漏译）

3. how nasty the immigration debate has become ——移民法辩论已经变得有多么惨烈 (相持不下）。

4. and then dare the Republicans to block it in the Senate.
——这句的主语仍然是即将离任的民主党，是他们来挑战共和党，看其是否坚持在参议院进行阻扰。

那共和党有什么不能 dare 的呢？（且看下句分解～）
5. If only they have the courage to say gracias
¬——假如 they （这些共和党人）还有勇气说声（西语）谢谢的话。  
这句是带着讽刺，言下之意：他们如果对西语移民尚心存感激的话，反对票还投得下手吗？！

引用 skittos 2010-11-27 23:30

本帖最后由 skittos 于 2010-11-27 23:31 编辑

参考： Man Up

（http://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/0 ... B-onlanguage-t.html）


September 3, 2010

The Meaning of ‘Man Up’
By BEN ZIMMER

The New York Mets lost their closer Francisco Rodriguez, a k a K-Rod, to season-ending surgery on a torn thumb ligament last month. But really the Mets lost him to two simple words: “man up.” According to The New York Daily News, that’s what Carlos Peña, the father of Rodriguez’s girlfriend, told him outside the Mets clubhouse, inciting an altercation that led to K-Rod busting his thumb and getting arrested on third-degree-assault charges for good measure.

While man up may have served as fighting words for Rodriguez, the exhortation is taking on many guises in American popular culture right now. Advertisers courting young male consumers are spreading the manly message. The Web site for the No Fear energy drink smacks the “Man Up” slogan across the screen, accompanied by an aggressive rock soundtrack. Meanwhile, Miller Lite has been running television commercials featuring a voice-over that growls, “Man up, because if you’re drinking a light beer without great pilsner taste, you’re missing the point of drinking beer.” (Light beer ads often amp up the masculinity, perhaps to compensate for their watered-down product.)

But man up isn’t just being used to package machismo as a commodity. Its spectrum of meanings runs from “Don’t be a sissy; toughen up” all the way to “Do the right thing; be a mensch,” to use the Yiddishism for an honorable or upright person. The Man Up Campaign, for instance, is a new global initiative that engages youth to stop gender-based violence: “Our call to action challenges each of us to ‘man up’ and declare that violence against women and girls must end,” its mission statement reads.

Not too long ago, man up was simply an alternative to the verb man, in the sense of “to supply with adequate manpower.” (Staff or staff up would be the more politically correct choices nowadays.) The Oxford English Dictionary cites a 1947 letter to the editor of The Times of London from Henry Strauss, a Conservative member of Parliament, complaining about man up as an insidious Americanism. “Must industries be fully ‘manned up’ rather than ‘manned’?” Strauss asked. “Must the strong, simple transitive verb, which is one of the main glories of our tongue, become as obsolete in England as it appears to be in America?”

Strauss might have thought of man up as less than virile, but phrasal verbs with up have filled a wide variety of roles in both British and American English. Up gets used for literal upward movement (lift up, stand up) or more figuratively to indicate greater intensity (stir up, fire up) or completion of an act (drink up, burn up). It’s particularly handy for blunt imperatives calling for resolute action: think of wake up!, grow up!, hurry up! and put up or shut up!

One notable forerunner of man up as we know it today is cowboy up, a phrase that has been used in rodeo circles for decades. In Douglas Kent Hall’s 1973 book on rodeo life, “Let ’Er Buck!,” an old hand tells a rookie rider, “It looks like we’re going to have to cowboy up a little.” Another rider, in a 1975 article in The Reno Evening Gazette, talked about what it’s like to get clobbered in a bull wreck, with the rodeo instructor “right behind you saying: ‘Cowboy up. Get tough. Get tough.’ ”

Cowboy up wasn’t much known outside of rodeo country until 2003, when it became the rallying cry for the Boston Red Sox, thanks to the players Kevin Millar and Mike Timlin — both Texans, not coincidentally. Millar and Timlin injected this bit of rodeo slang into Red Sox parlance to fire up a team (and a fan base) that had long been ruled by mopey fatalism. As one T-shirt of the time put it, “Are You Gonna Cowboy Up or Just Lay There and Bleed?”

Man up owes its early popularization to another American sport: football, where it originally had a more technical meaning relating to man-to-man pass defense. In 1985, for example, the New York Jets head coach Joe Walton praised the work of his defensive coordinator to The Times: “They’re playing the kind of defense that I wanted and that Bud Carson teaches — aggressive, man up, getting after it, hustling all over the field.” A year before that, a high-school coach in Texas previewed a coming game for the local paper, The Baytown Sun, by saying, “We’re expecting them to use an eight-man front with their secondary manning up on us.”

Describing man-to-man defense as manning up on the opposing team is an easy linguistic step to make — so easy, in fact, that the same expression can be found in the early ’80s in Canadian and Australian football as well. But it was in the American variety that man up took on a more general idea of resilience in the face of adversity. The earliest example I’ve found of this extended use is from 1987, when the San Diego Chargers defensive tackle Mike Charles told The Union Tribune: “Right now, by the grace of God, we’re hanging by the skin of our teeth. Now we’ve got to man up and take care of ourselves.”

In recent years, man up and cowboy up have been joined by other “X up” macho-isms. Some evoke what might be politely termed testicular fortitude, like sack up and nut up, dated by the slang lexicographer Grant Barrett to 1994 and 1999, respectively. Last year’s movie “Zombieland” even showcased the provocative tagline “Nut up or shut up.” It’s not all about cartoonish masculinity, though. There’s still the notion of the stand-up guy, the mensch. In a nice mash-up of idioms, Rabbi Daniel Polish has interpreted the Torah story of Joseph and his brothers as a parable of — what else? — mensching up.

Ben Zimmer will answer one reader question every other week. Send your queries to onlanguage@nytimes.com. You can follow Mr. Zimmer on Twitter at twitter.com/OnLanguage.

引用 skittos 2010-11-28 00:28

本帖最后由 skittos 于 2010-11-28 00:46 编辑

回复 sailor 的帖子

sailor，又查了下，找到下列解释，且当正解～：

do right by

（http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/do_right_by）

Verb to do right by (third-person singular simple present does right by, present participle doing right by, simple past did right by, past participle has done right by)

1. (colloquial) To treat, deal with, or act toward (someone) in a morally just, socially honorable fashion.

-  I know her new husband is a good man and wants to do right by our family.
-  Hey man, did you finish that transaction with my cousin? You do right by him?
-  We will do right by our troops and taxpayers, and we will build the 21st Century military that we need.
-  …We are not going to abandon these American heroes. We are going to do right by them.

---------------------------------------
原句：
Democrats and Hispanic groups would be able to do the right thing by the 11m (Hispanics are reliable Democratic voters, and saved the party from an even worse drubbing at the mid-terms).

意思是：民主党人和拉美裔组织就能有机会向1100万人实践（自己的）诺言了。（这些诺言是选举时承诺的）

引用 sailor 2010-11-28 12:41

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又多学了一个固定短语，呵呵。不过，to do right by和to do the right thing by是不是意思一样呢，固定短语就是固定的，加了个thing，意思到底一不一样呢，这我不确定。如果这句话的意思是“民主党人和拉美裔组织就能有机会向1100万人实践（自己的）诺言了”，感觉与括号里的内容有些脱节 (Hispanics are reliable Democratic voters, and saved the party from an even worse drubbing at the mid-terms).我的理解是“因为这1100万人主要是拉美裔的，拉美裔的美国人的力量也将更加强大，而拉美裔又主要是支持民主党的，这样有了这1100万人，支持民主党的人就更多了，也许民主党在两院的席位会更多，通过一些法案等也就更加容易了（我觉得这就是 “the right thing”），你认为呢？

引用 月不在夜会美 2010-11-28 12:46

回复 郁郁金香 的帖子

第一段
或许就不能连任了
原文之说end his second year in office，有当政两年却仍未出台移民改革方案之意。并无连任之意。

引用 郁郁金香 2010-11-28 14:15

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多谢你宏大的批评工程 相关知识点我已经一一汇总一楼了 此外还提出了一些翻译中常常遇到的问题，欢迎继续探讨！

引用 郁郁金香 2010-11-28 14:21

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sailer你好！借鉴skittos的观点，我认为应该是“民主党人和拉美裔集团也对得起这1100万的移民了”，翻译成“对得起”我认为最恰当。后文括号正好是对其进行解释：为什么要对得起他们？因为他们曾经帮助过民主党人。
昨天教室关门了，没来的及回复，现已就诸位的批评和建议进行了汇总，但仍有些疑问，放在一楼了，sailer再来看看！

引用 郁郁金香 2010-11-28 14:56

skittos 发表于 2010-11-27 21:02
与你探讨哈～

IT WAS always meant to have been one of Barack Obama’s big priorities. But along with ...

是否直接可说“在其任期的第二个年头”，不再提end，因为“”本身就有收尾的感觉？

引用 sailor 2010-11-28 15:33

我被你的执着和认真感动了，就再回答几个疑问吧，呵呵！“as”这个译为“随着”和“由于”要看语境而定，有时很难选择。Look set to =is set to ,look 是系动词。 One是指plan 即移民法案。“on only one of them is there any progress.”是有一个问题有进展，看下文的“On the border issue, there has been some success”就一目了然了。13个问题，plus 和and 差不多，只是语气有些不同，可以直接译为“加上”，有“雪上加霜”的意思，recession 和越境当然是有关系的，正如“战争和难民越境”。
A guest-worker programme is harder, but also less urgent in straitened times. Yet on the plight of the 11m, there has been no progress whatsoever。
在紧张时期，通过一项外来务工人员的计划难上加难，也没有那么迫在眉睫。然而，在解决1100万非法移民的难题方面，反正一直毫无进展。（要上下文联系，不能只看这一段，这一段是对上面提到的四个问题的解说。）“outgoing Congress retires”即“国会换届”

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