1980 哲斯瓦夫-米洛什 波兰

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Czeslaw Milosz
Facts
Czeslaw Milosz
Photo from the Nobel Foundation archive.
Czeslaw Milosz
The Nobel Prize in Literature 1980

Born: 30 June 1911, Śeteniai, Russian Empire (now Lithuania)

Died: 14 August 2004, Kraków, Poland

Residence at the time of the award: USA

Prize motivation: "who with uncompromising clear-sightedness voices man's exposed condition in a world of severe conflicts."

Language: Polish

Prize share: 1/1

Life
Czeslaw Milosz was born in Lithuania, where his Polish parents fled to escape the turmoil in their native country. After the end of World War I, the family returned to Poland. When World War II broke out in 1939, Milosz became involved in the resistance movement in Warsaw. After the war Milosz joined the newly formed Communist Party and was stationed as a cultural attaché in Paris. Disappointed with the Communist regime, he sought political asylum in France in 1951. He took up residence in the United States in 1960 and lived there until the 1990s. Milosz spent his last years in Krakow, Poland.

Work
Czeslaw Milosz primarily worked as a poet. His first poetry collection, Poemat o czasie zastyglym (Poem of the Frozen Time) was published in 1934. Several of his early works are characterized by a sense of doom, but as time passed, he softened the picture he drew of the world. His best-known work, the novel Zniewolony umys? (1953) (The Captive Mind), examines a repressive regime’s influence on four authors. Milosz resisted being labeled a political author and maintained that his work dealt with eternal questions: life and death, faith and doubt, good and evil.




哲斯瓦夫-米洛什
事实
哲斯瓦夫-米洛什
照片来自诺贝尔基金会档案。
哲斯瓦夫-米洛什
1980年诺贝尔文学奖获得者

出生：1911年6月30日，俄罗斯帝国谢特尼亚（现立陶宛）。

逝世：2004年8月14日，波兰克拉科夫

获奖时的居住地。美国

获奖动机。"他以毫不妥协的敏锐洞察力表达了人类在严重冲突的世界中的暴露状况"。

语言。波兰语

奖金份额。1/1

生平
哲斯瓦夫-米洛什出生在立陶宛，他的波兰父母为了躲避祖国的动荡而逃到那里。第一次世界大战结束后，他们全家回到了波兰。当第二次世界大战在1939年爆发时，米洛什参与了华沙的抵抗运动。战后，米洛什加入了新成立的共产党，并被派驻巴黎担任文化专员。由于对共产党政权的失望，他于1951年在法国寻求政治避难。他于1960年在美国定居，并在那里生活到20世纪90年代。米洛什在波兰的克拉科夫度过了他的最后几年。

工作
切斯拉夫-米洛什主要是作为一个诗人工作。他的第一本诗集Poemat o czasie zastyglym（《冰冻的时间之诗》）于1934年出版。他早期的几部作品的特点是厄运感，但随着时间的推移，他对世界的描绘有所缓和。他最著名的作品是小说《Zniewolony umys? (1953年)(The Captive Mind)，研究了一个压迫性政权对四位作家的影响。米洛什拒绝被贴上政治作家的标签，坚持认为他的作品涉及永恒的问题：生命与死亡、信仰与怀疑、善与恶。